The Victory Arch: A Historical Landmark and Tourist Attraction in Baghdad’s Grand Festivities Square
The Victory Arch, also known as Qaws al-Nasr, is an iconic monument located in the Grand Festivities Square in Baghdad, Iraq. Commissioned in 1989 to commemorate the end of the Iraq-Iran War (1980–1988), the arch stands as a testament to Iraq’s strength and resilience. Crafted with intricate attention to detail, the monument has become one of the city's key historical landmarks and continues to attract both locals and international visitors.
We’ll explore the Victory Arch’s construction, design elements, and its significance as a symbol of victory. Additionally, we’ll provide travel tips for those planning to visit this monument.
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The History and Symbolism of the Victory Arch
The Victory Arch was constructed at a pivotal time in Iraq’s history—marking the conclusion of the brutal eight-year conflict between Iraq and Iran. This symbolic structure represents triumph in war, strength, and national pride. Saddam Hussein, then president of Iraq, personally oversaw the project’s development, ensuring that it embodied the spirit of victory and power.
The monument comprises two massive crossed swords held aloft by gigantic bronze hands, creating an arch that spans the vast open space of the Grand Festivities Square. The helmets of 5,000 Iranian soldiers, taken from battlefields, are displayed beneath the swords, serving as a stark reminder of the war’s heavy toll.
Interestingly, these helmets were not mere replicas but actual war artifacts. Saddam Hussein insisted that each helmet show bullet holes, emphasizing the harsh realities of war. This feature adds a powerful layer of authenticity and gravity to the monument, making it more than just a decorative structure.
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Design and Construction
The Victory Arch is the result of collaboration between Iraqi, British, and German experts, making it an international project that reflects both artistic and political influences.
1. The Bronze Hands and Arms
The most striking elements of the monument are the two massive forearms, each gripping a sword.
These arms were cast in bronze by Morris Singer Foundry, a renowned British company that specializes in large-scale bronze sculptures. The forearms are said to be modeled after Saddam Hussein’s own hands, emphasizing the personal and political significance of the monument.
2. The Swords Made of Steel Alloy
The German company tasked with producing the swords crafted them using high-grade steel alloy. This steel was gifted to Baghdad, further symbolizing Iraq’s strength.
Each sword is designed to evoke ancient weapons, adding historical resonance to the monument's modern aesthetic.
3. Artist Khalid al-Rahal’s Vision
The design of the Victory Arch was conceptualized by Khalid al-Rahal, a prominent Iraqi artist known for his ability to blend symbolism with monumental art. His vision was to create a structure that not only celebrated victory but also conveyed the immense power required to achieve it.
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The Monument’s Role in Military Parades and Celebrations
During Saddam Hussein’s regime, the area beneath the Victory Arch was used for military parades and public celebrations. The vast open space under the crossed swords became the stage for impressive displays of military power and national pride. Soldiers marched under the swords, symbolically reaffirming Iraq’s strength and unity after years of conflict.
The parades that took place in the Grand Festivities Square were grand spectacles, involving both military personnel and civilians. These events were designed to boost morale and project a sense of unity, both domestically and to the outside world.
Even today, the Victory Arch remains a powerful symbol in Baghdad’s landscape. Though it no longer serves as the site for military parades, it continues to draw visitors, serving as a reminder of Iraq’s past struggles and victories.
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Restoration and the Monument’s Role Today
After the fall of Saddam Hussein’s regime in 2003, Iraq underwent significant political and social changes, and many monuments associated with the old regime were either removed or altered. However, the Victory Arch was spared, largely due to its historical significance and artistic value.
In 2011, the monument underwent extensive restoration efforts to preserve its structure and ensure that future generations could appreciate it. Although the arch now serves primarily as a tourist attraction, it remains a poignant reminder of Iraq’s turbulent history.
For those planning a visit to the monument today, it is essential to respect the historical context of the site and the memories it holds.
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How to Visit the Victory Arch
The Victory Arch is located within Baghdad’s Grand Festivities Square, making it easily accessible to visitors exploring the city’s cultural and historical sites. Here are some tips for those planning to visit:
Guided Tours: Many local tour operators offer guided tours of Baghdad, including the Victory Arch. A guided tour can provide deeper insights into the history and significance of the monument.
Visit During the Day: While the monument is impressive at any time, visiting during daylight hours allows you to fully appreciate the scale and detail of the bronze hands and swords.
Respect the Site: As the Victory Arch commemorates a significant and painful period in Iraq’s history, it’s important to approach the site with respect.
For exact directions to the monument, refer to the Google Maps link provided below:
View the Victory Arch on maps.app.goo.gl6
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Why the Victory Arch Is a Must-See in Baghdad
Whether you are a history enthusiast, a traveler seeking to understand Iraq’s cultural heritage, or simply curious about the architecture of the region, the Victory Arch offers a unique perspective on Iraq’s past. Its blend of art, history, and symbolism makes it one of the most significant landmarks in Baghdad.