Monastery of Mar Mattai: A Spiritual Haven on Mount Maqlub
The Monastery of Mar Mattai, one of the oldest Christian monasteries in the world, stands proudly atop Mount Maqlub in the Bashiqa District of Mosul. Established in AD 363 by Saint Mar Mattai, a monk from what is now modern-day Turkey, this historic site continues to attract thousands of pilgrims, tourists, and history enthusiasts alike. The monastery's ancient roots, religious significance, and breathtaking surroundings make it a must-visit destination for travelers exploring northern Iraq. Open 24 hours a day, the monastery offers visitors the chance to explore its spiritual and historical depths at any time.
A Rich History Dating Back to the 4th Century
Saint Mar Mattai, originally from the region of Turkey, he was born in the Abjar village, north of Amed city known as Diyarbakir . He sought refuge in the mountains of northern Iraq, specifically on Mount Maqlub, where he founded the Monastery of Mar Mattai in AD 363. This monastery became a center of Christian spirituality and scholarship, playing a vital role in the religious life of the region.
Saint Mar Mattai’s journey from Turkey to Iraq represents the spread of early Christianity and the establishment of monastic communities in Mesopotamia. His influence extended far beyond the walls of the monastery, as he became a revered figure in the Syriac Orthodox Church, and the site itself became a symbol of resilience and devotion amidst centuries of political and religious upheaval.
Mount Maqlub: The Inverted Mountain
Mount Maqlub, the site of the monastery, is not only known for its religious significance but also for its remarkable natural beauty. The mountain’s name is derived from its peculiar geological structure—large rocks that appear inverted, creating a unique landscape that has intrigued geologists and travelers alike. Visitors to the monastery often marvel at the rugged terrain, which contrasts with the serene atmosphere of the monastery itself.
The ascent to the monastery is known as the "Tabqi," a steep, winding path that pilgrims and visitors must take to reach the site. The word "Tabqi" translates to "the ascent," symbolizing both the physical journey up the mountain and the spiritual journey undertaken by those who visit the monastery.
The Entrance and the Plaque
Upon reaching the top of the mountain and entering the monastery, visitors are greeted by a modern plaque that provides an overview of the site's history and significance. Although this plaque is a recent addition, it serves as an essential marker, offering context for the rich history that the Monastery of Mar Mattai holds.
This plaque marks the beginning of a spiritual and historical journey through the monastery, guiding visitors through its many sections and features that have been preserved for centuries.
The Wings of the Monastery
The Monastery of Mar Mattai is divided into several wings, each dedicated to one of Saint Mar Mattai’s companions. These companions, who were instrumental in the establishment and development of the monastic community, are honored with wings bearing their names. These wings serve as both living quarters and places of reflection for the monks and visitors alike.
The architecture of these wings reflects the ancient styles prevalent during the early centuries of Christianity, with simple yet sturdy stone walls that have withstood the test of time. Walking through these wings, visitors are transported back to a time when the monastery was a vibrant center for Christian monasticism in Mesopotamia.
The Library: A Treasure of Ancient Texts
One of the most remarkable features of the Monastery of Mar Mattai is its library, which houses a vast collection of ancient manuscripts and religious texts. Many of these manuscripts are written in Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic that was once widely spoken in the region. The library is a testament to the monastery’s role as a center of learning and theological scholarship.
Scholars from around the world have visited the library to study these invaluable texts, some of which date back to the early centuries of Christianity. The preservation of these manuscripts is crucial for understanding the religious, cultural, and historical heritage of the Syriac Orthodox Church.
Caves and Storage Rooms: A Glimpse into the Past
In addition to the monastery’s wings and library, visitors can also explore the caves and storage rooms scattered throughout the site. These caves were once used by the monks for meditation and prayer, offering a quiet space for contemplation away from the bustling monastic community.
The storage rooms, on the other hand, were used to store food, water, and other essential supplies, ensuring the monks’ survival in the harsh mountain environment. Today, these areas provide a glimpse into the daily life of the early monastic community, showcasing the resourcefulness and resilience of the monks who lived there.
The Church of Mar Mattai
At the heart of the monastery lies the Church of Mar Mattai, a place of worship and reflection for visitors and monks alike. The church is renowned for its ancient altar and the tombs of several saints who are buried within its walls. The tombs serve as a reminder of the many holy men and women who have contributed to the monastery’s spiritual legacy.
The altar, which dates back to the early centuries of the monastery’s existence, is a focal point for religious ceremonies and celebrations. The church’s interior, though modest, exudes a sense of reverence and sacredness, drawing visitors into a deep spiritual experience.
The House of Saints and the Old Altar
Another significant feature of the monastery is the House of Saints, a section that houses the tombs of several revered figures from the Syriac Orthodox Church. This area, which includes the old altar, is a place of pilgrimage for many visitors who come to pay their respects to the saints and seek their blessings.
The old altar, a relic from the monastery’s early days, is still used for religious ceremonies and is considered a sacred site within the monastery. The presence of these holy relics adds to the spiritual atmosphere of the monastery, making it a place of profound religious significance.
A Busy Pilgrimage Site
While the Monastery of Mar Mattai is a place of quiet reflection and prayer, it also becomes a bustling pilgrimage site on certain days of the week. Fridays, Sundays, and Tuesdays are particularly busy, as pilgrims from all over the region flock to the monastery to attend religious services and seek spiritual guidance.
The monastery also hosts a major celebration on September 18, a day that marks an important feast in the Syriac Orthodox calendar. Thousands of visitors gather at the monastery on this day to commemorate Saint Mar Mattai and celebrate his enduring legacy. The event is a vibrant and joyous occasion, filled with religious ceremonies, prayers, and communal gatherings.
A Natural Oasis in Spring
One of the most captivating aspects of visiting the Monastery of Mar Mattai is the stunning natural scenery that surrounds it. The mountain’s rugged landscape is transformed into a lush oasis during the spring, with blooming wildflowers and greenery providing a beautiful backdrop to the monastery’s ancient stone walls.
The natural beauty of the area, combined with the monastery’s spiritual significance, makes it a popular destination for travelers seeking both religious and natural experiences. Many visitors choose to hike through the surrounding mountains, taking in the breathtaking views before reaching the monastery.
Practical Information for Visitors
For those planning to visit the Monastery of Mar Mattai, it is important to note that the site can become quite crowded on pilgrimage days and during the September 18 celebration. To avoid large crowds, it is recommended to visit the monastery on weekdays or during the early morning hours.
The monastery is accessible by car, and visitors can follow the route to Mount Maqlub using this maps.app.goo.gl9 Be prepared for a steep ascent, as the road leading to the monastery is winding and narrow, but the views from the top are well worth the effort.